Bind Peeking
The use of the current bind value during an initial cursor parse as an input to selectivity estimation and execution-plan selection.
The same SQL text can return radically different row counts for different bind values. Bind peeking allows the value seen during the initial parse to affect selectivity estimates and the chosen access path; if that value is atypical, later executions may inherit an unsuitable plan.
Oracle can react through several mechanisms, including histograms, bind sensitivity, and Adaptive Cursor Sharing. The behavior belongs to the execution-plan stability problem discussed in Oracle database and SQL performance.