Intersection over Union
A ratio measuring the overlap between two regions by dividing their intersection area by their union area.
Technical Context
Intersection over Union measures geometric overlap by dividing the intersection area of two regions by their union area. It is used for matching and evaluation in object detection, region similarity in segmentation, and threshold decisions in non-maximum suppression.
Metric Boundary
IoU measures geometry, not class probability or semantic confidence. Appropriate thresholds depend on the task, annotation policy, object size, and evaluation protocol.
Related Concepts
Related article: Image Segmentation